Building height greater than 250m civil building fire protection design strengthening technical requ
Publisher:Homso Release time:2019-6-20 14:08:21
Article 1 This technical requirement applies to the fire protection design of the high-rise main part of the civil building with a building height of more than 250m (including the basement in the main projection range). The fire protection design of the podium should comply with the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" GB50016.
The fire resistance limit of the second building component shall comply with the following provisions in addition to the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" GB50016:
1 The bearing capacity of the load-bearing column (including the bracing), the conversion beam and the structural reinforcement truss shall not be less than 4.00h;
2 The fire resistance of beams and members similar to those of beam structures shall not be less than 3.00h;
The fire resistance of the 3rd floor and roof load-bearing members shall not be less than 2.50h;
4 The outer wall of the core tube shall have a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h;
5 The fire resistance of the shaft wall of cable wells, pipeline wells, etc. should not be lower than 2.00h;
The fire resistance limit of the 6-room partition wall shall not be less than 1.50h, and the fire resistance limit of the partition walls on both sides of the evacuation aisle shall not be less than 2.00h;
7 The load-bearing steel structure in the building should be thick-coated steel structure fireproof coating when it is protected by fireproof coating.
The third fire separation shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The circular evacuation walkway shall be arranged around the core tube of the building, and the doors and windows on the partition wall shall adopt Class B fire doors and windows;
2 Elevators in the building should be equipped with waiting halls;
3 The foyer (public lobby) used to expand the front room shall be separated from the surrounding communication space by a fireproof wall with a fire resistance of not less than 3.00h. Doors and windows connected to the hall (public lobby) shall be Class A fire doors and windows;
4 The kitchen shall be separated from the adjacent area by a fireproof partition wall with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h and a Class A fire door;
5 The door of the front room and stairwell of the anti-smoke stairwell shall be Class A fire door, the door of the hotel room shall adopt Class B fire door, and the inspection door on the shaft wall of cable well and pipe well shall adopt Class A fire door;
6 Firewalls and fireproof partitions shall not be replaced by fireproof glass walls or fire shutters.
Article 4 The opening of the hotel's dirty wells is strictly prohibited in the stairwell and should be set up in an independent service room. The service room should be separated from other areas by a fireproof wall with a fire resistance of not less than 2.00h. Class A fire door.
Sewage wells should meet the following requirements:
1 The sprinkler and fire detector of the sprinkler system and the smoke exhaust port linked with the automatic fire alarm system shall be provided at the top;
2 Sprinklers of a sprinkler system shall be provided at least every other level;
3 Class A fire doors shall be used for the access doors;
4 The clothes lane should be made of non-combustible materials.
Article 5 The flaming materials shall not be arranged in the foyer (public lobby) used to expand the front room, and the decoration materials for the ceiling, wall and floor shall be made of non-combustible materials.
Building exterior wall decoration, billboards, etc. shall be made of non-combustible materials and shall not affect escape, fire and rescue, and indoor natural smoke exhaustion during fire, and shall not alter or destroy the fireproof structure of the building facade.
Article 6 In addition to the construction of radio and television transmission towers, the safe evacuation facilities in the main building of the building shall comply with the following provisions:
1 evacuation stairs should not use scissors stairs;
2 The evacuation stairs should be set up to ensure that the evacuation stairs of any one of the evacuation stairs can still meet the needs of safe evacuation of all personnel on all floors;
3 There should be no less than 3 evacuation stairs in the fire protection zone with a building area of more than 2000m2 on the same floor, and each fire zone should have at least one independent evacuation staircase;
4 Evacuation stairwells should be provided with an exit to the outside on the first floor. When it is really necessary to use the first floor foyer (public lobby) as the enlarged front room to open to the outside, the evacuation distance should not exceed 30m.
Article 7 In addition to the fire elevators, each fire compartment of the main building of the building shall be provided with at least one auxiliary evacuation elevator that can be used for evacuation during fire. The elevator shall comply with the following provisions:
1 In the case of fire, only the specific floor and the first floor should be docked; obvious signs and operating instructions should be set near the elevator;
2 The load capacity should not be less than 1300kg, and the speed should not be less than 5m/s;
3 Fire-fighting telephone extensions shall be set up in the car;
4 The control and distribution equipment of the elevator and its wires and cables shall be waterproof. When using enclosure protection, the enclosure protection rating shall not be lower than the current national standard "Enclosure Protection Level (IP Code)" GB4208 for IPX6MS requirements;
5 Other requirements shall comply with the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" GB50016 regarding fire elevators and their installation requirements;
6 A passenger elevator or freight elevator that meets the above requirements can also serve as an auxiliary evacuation elevator.
Article 8 The refuge floor shall meet the following requirements:
1 The net area of the refuge area should meet the requirements for designing the number of evacuators, and should be calculated at not less than 0.25 m2/person;
2 The design evacuation number shall be calculated according to the total number of users on all floors between the refuge floor and the previous refuge floor;
3 There should be no curtain wall at the outer wall of the corresponding location in the refuge area.
Article 9 A non-combustible solid wall with a height of not less than 1.5 m shall be provided between the outer wall of the building and the lower opening, and the height of the floor shall not be less than 0.6 m; when it is replaced by fire-proof provocation, the fire shall be provocative. The width of the pick-up should not be less than 1.0m, and the length should not be less than 0.5m on both sides of the width of the opening.
Article 10 The net width and clearance height of the fire lanes around the building shall not be less than 4.5m.
The road surface of the fire lane, the rescue operation site, the structure of the fire lane and the underside of the rescue operation site, pipes and gullies shall be able to withstand the pressure of the heavy-duty fire trucks at the stop and the legs. In the severe cold area, fire water cranes should be added at appropriate locations near the fire lane.
Article 11 The fire service vehicle ascending operation site of the main building of the building shall meet the following requirements:
1 The length of the site shall not be less than 1/3 of the perimeter of the building and shall not be less than the length of one of the long sides, and shall be arranged in at least two directions, and shall be arranged continuously in each direction;
2 On the outer wall of the refuge area of the first and second refuge floors of the building, the fire truck ascending operation site shall be correspondingly arranged;
3 The length and width of the fire truck ascending operation site shall not be less than 25m and 15m respectively.
Article 12 A helipad or a facility for helicopter rescue shall be provided on the roof of the building.
Article 13 It is strictly forbidden to use liquefied petroleum gas such as liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas in the main building of the building.
Article 14 The indoor fire water supply system shall be powered by a high fire pool and a ground (underground) fire pool.
The effective volume of the high fire pool and the ground (underground) fire pool shall meet the total fire water consumption for the duration of the fire.
The height difference between the high fire pool and the vacuum tank and the pressure tank should not exceed 200m.
Article 15 The automatic sprinkler system shall meet the following requirements:
1 System design parameters shall be determined according to the current national standard “Code for Design of Automatic Sprinkler System” GB50084;
2 sprinklers should use fast response nozzles, and should not use concealed nozzles;
3 When the exterior wall of the building is made of glass curtain wall, the horizontal distance between the nozzle and the glass curtain wall should not exceed 1m.
Article 16 Automatic fire extinguishing facilities shall be installed in the elevator engine room and cable shaft.
Article 17 The kitchen shall be provided with automatic fire extinguishing devices for the kitchen.
Article 18 The fire water hose crossing hole shall be provided in the front room of the stairwell and the fire elevator front room where the indoor fire hydrant is installed to the lower part of the wall of the walkway. The fire hose crossing hole should be closed when it is closed, and a clear mark should be placed on the side of the front chamber.
Article 19 An independent mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be provided separately for the anti-smoke stairwell and its front room.
The mechanical pressurized air supply system of the refuge floor shall be set independently, and the outdoor air inlet of the mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be installed in at least two directions.
Article 20 In a place where a natural smoke exhausting facility is installed, the effective opening area of the natural exhaust vent should not be less than 5% of the floor area of the site.
For the refuge area with natural ventilation and smoke prevention of the outer window, the outer window shall be installed in at least two orientations, and the total effective opening area shall not be less than 5% of the floor area of the refuge area and 25% of the outer wall area of the refuge area. .
Article 21 The vertical direction of the mechanical smoke exhaust system shall be designed according to the refuge layer. Mechanical smoke exhaust systems arranged in a horizontal direction shall be set independently for each fire compartment. Mechanical exhaust systems should not be used with ventilation air conditioning systems.
The annular evacuation walkway around the core tube shall be provided with an independent smoke prevention zone; the smoke exhaust fire damper that can be automatically closed at 280 °C shall be provided at the part of the exhaust pipe that crosses the annular evacuation aisle to separate the wall.
Article 22: Smoke-proof or smoke-exhausting pipes horizontally crossing fire-proof zones or refuge areas, pressurized air supply pipes or exhaust pipes not installed in pipe wells, and pressurized air supply arranged in the same pipe wells For pipes or air ducts, the fire resistance limit shall not be less than 1.50h.
Smoke exhaust pipes are strictly prohibited from crossing or being installed in the evacuation stairwell and its front room, the fire elevator front room or the combined front room.
Article 23 The automatic fire alarm system shall comply with the following provisions:
1 system fire linkage control bus should adopt a ring structure;
2 should be connected to the city fire remote monitoring system;
3 The fire detector set in the hotel room shall have an audible alarm function;
4 The top of the elevator shaft and the cable well shall be provided with a smoke detector;
5 Fire emergency radio speakers shall be installed in rooms and public buildings where people are often staying and the building area is greater than 100m2;
6 Evacuation stairwells shall be provided with 1 fire-fighting telephone extension on each floor, and a fire emergency radio speaker shall be provided for each 2nd floor;
7 The refuge layer (between), the car in the auxiliary evacuation elevator and the front room of the parking floor shall be equipped with a video monitoring system. The video monitoring signal shall be connected to the fire control room. The power supply circuit of the video monitoring system shall meet the requirements of fire power supply;
8 fire control room should be set on the first floor of the building.
Article 24 Fire-fighting electricity shall be supplied according to the load that is particularly important in the primary load. The emergency power supply shall adopt a diesel generator set. The fire-fighting power supply circuit of the diesel generator set shall be connected to the dedicated bus section by a dedicated line, and the continuous power supply time shall not be less than 3.0h.
Article 25 Fire-fighting power supply and distribution lines shall meet the following requirements:
1 The power supply and cable cables of fire elevators and auxiliary evacuation elevators shall adopt fire-resistant wire and cable with a burning performance of Class A and a fire resistance time of not less than 3.0h. Other fire-fighting power supply and distribution wires and cables shall adopt a burning performance not lower than B1, and the fire-resisting time shall not be Fire resistant wire and cable less than 3.0h. The classification of the burning performance of wire and cable shall comply with the current national standard "Classification of Combustion Performance of Cables and Cables" GB31247;
2 Fire-fighting electricity should adopt dual-route power supply mode, and its power supply and distribution trunks should be set in different shafts;
3 The fire-fighting electricity of the refuge floor shall be powered by a dedicated circuit, and the distribution mains shall not be shared with non-refuge floors (districts).
Article 26 The burning performance of non-fire-fighting wire and cable shall not be lower than Class B1. An electrical fire monitoring system shall be provided for non-firefighting electrical loads.
Article 27: Emergency lighting and light evacuation indication signs for fire pump house, fire control room, fire elevator and its front room, auxiliary evacuation elevator and its front room, evacuation stairwell and its front room and refuge floor (between), A separate power supply and distribution loop should be used.
The minimum level of illumination on the ground of evacuation lighting shall not be less than 5.0lx for evacuation walkways; for personnel-intensive places, refuge floors (intersects), stairwells, front rooms or combined front rooms, evacuation walkways shall not be less than 10.0lx.
Evacuation indicators with interchangeable directions should not be used in buildings.
The fire resistance limit of the second building component shall comply with the following provisions in addition to the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" GB50016:
1 The bearing capacity of the load-bearing column (including the bracing), the conversion beam and the structural reinforcement truss shall not be less than 4.00h;
2 The fire resistance of beams and members similar to those of beam structures shall not be less than 3.00h;
The fire resistance of the 3rd floor and roof load-bearing members shall not be less than 2.50h;
4 The outer wall of the core tube shall have a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h;
5 The fire resistance of the shaft wall of cable wells, pipeline wells, etc. should not be lower than 2.00h;
The fire resistance limit of the 6-room partition wall shall not be less than 1.50h, and the fire resistance limit of the partition walls on both sides of the evacuation aisle shall not be less than 2.00h;
7 The load-bearing steel structure in the building should be thick-coated steel structure fireproof coating when it is protected by fireproof coating.
The third fire separation shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The circular evacuation walkway shall be arranged around the core tube of the building, and the doors and windows on the partition wall shall adopt Class B fire doors and windows;
2 Elevators in the building should be equipped with waiting halls;
3 The foyer (public lobby) used to expand the front room shall be separated from the surrounding communication space by a fireproof wall with a fire resistance of not less than 3.00h. Doors and windows connected to the hall (public lobby) shall be Class A fire doors and windows;
4 The kitchen shall be separated from the adjacent area by a fireproof partition wall with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.00h and a Class A fire door;
5 The door of the front room and stairwell of the anti-smoke stairwell shall be Class A fire door, the door of the hotel room shall adopt Class B fire door, and the inspection door on the shaft wall of cable well and pipe well shall adopt Class A fire door;
6 Firewalls and fireproof partitions shall not be replaced by fireproof glass walls or fire shutters.
Article 4 The opening of the hotel's dirty wells is strictly prohibited in the stairwell and should be set up in an independent service room. The service room should be separated from other areas by a fireproof wall with a fire resistance of not less than 2.00h. Class A fire door.
Sewage wells should meet the following requirements:
1 The sprinkler and fire detector of the sprinkler system and the smoke exhaust port linked with the automatic fire alarm system shall be provided at the top;
2 Sprinklers of a sprinkler system shall be provided at least every other level;
3 Class A fire doors shall be used for the access doors;
4 The clothes lane should be made of non-combustible materials.
Article 5 The flaming materials shall not be arranged in the foyer (public lobby) used to expand the front room, and the decoration materials for the ceiling, wall and floor shall be made of non-combustible materials.
Building exterior wall decoration, billboards, etc. shall be made of non-combustible materials and shall not affect escape, fire and rescue, and indoor natural smoke exhaustion during fire, and shall not alter or destroy the fireproof structure of the building facade.
Article 6 In addition to the construction of radio and television transmission towers, the safe evacuation facilities in the main building of the building shall comply with the following provisions:
1 evacuation stairs should not use scissors stairs;
2 The evacuation stairs should be set up to ensure that the evacuation stairs of any one of the evacuation stairs can still meet the needs of safe evacuation of all personnel on all floors;
3 There should be no less than 3 evacuation stairs in the fire protection zone with a building area of more than 2000m2 on the same floor, and each fire zone should have at least one independent evacuation staircase;
4 Evacuation stairwells should be provided with an exit to the outside on the first floor. When it is really necessary to use the first floor foyer (public lobby) as the enlarged front room to open to the outside, the evacuation distance should not exceed 30m.
Article 7 In addition to the fire elevators, each fire compartment of the main building of the building shall be provided with at least one auxiliary evacuation elevator that can be used for evacuation during fire. The elevator shall comply with the following provisions:
1 In the case of fire, only the specific floor and the first floor should be docked; obvious signs and operating instructions should be set near the elevator;
2 The load capacity should not be less than 1300kg, and the speed should not be less than 5m/s;
3 Fire-fighting telephone extensions shall be set up in the car;
4 The control and distribution equipment of the elevator and its wires and cables shall be waterproof. When using enclosure protection, the enclosure protection rating shall not be lower than the current national standard "Enclosure Protection Level (IP Code)" GB4208 for IPX6MS requirements;
5 Other requirements shall comply with the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" GB50016 regarding fire elevators and their installation requirements;
6 A passenger elevator or freight elevator that meets the above requirements can also serve as an auxiliary evacuation elevator.
Article 8 The refuge floor shall meet the following requirements:
1 The net area of the refuge area should meet the requirements for designing the number of evacuators, and should be calculated at not less than 0.25 m2/person;
2 The design evacuation number shall be calculated according to the total number of users on all floors between the refuge floor and the previous refuge floor;
3 There should be no curtain wall at the outer wall of the corresponding location in the refuge area.
Article 9 A non-combustible solid wall with a height of not less than 1.5 m shall be provided between the outer wall of the building and the lower opening, and the height of the floor shall not be less than 0.6 m; when it is replaced by fire-proof provocation, the fire shall be provocative. The width of the pick-up should not be less than 1.0m, and the length should not be less than 0.5m on both sides of the width of the opening.
Article 10 The net width and clearance height of the fire lanes around the building shall not be less than 4.5m.
The road surface of the fire lane, the rescue operation site, the structure of the fire lane and the underside of the rescue operation site, pipes and gullies shall be able to withstand the pressure of the heavy-duty fire trucks at the stop and the legs. In the severe cold area, fire water cranes should be added at appropriate locations near the fire lane.
Article 11 The fire service vehicle ascending operation site of the main building of the building shall meet the following requirements:
1 The length of the site shall not be less than 1/3 of the perimeter of the building and shall not be less than the length of one of the long sides, and shall be arranged in at least two directions, and shall be arranged continuously in each direction;
2 On the outer wall of the refuge area of the first and second refuge floors of the building, the fire truck ascending operation site shall be correspondingly arranged;
3 The length and width of the fire truck ascending operation site shall not be less than 25m and 15m respectively.
Article 12 A helipad or a facility for helicopter rescue shall be provided on the roof of the building.
Article 13 It is strictly forbidden to use liquefied petroleum gas such as liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas in the main building of the building.
Article 14 The indoor fire water supply system shall be powered by a high fire pool and a ground (underground) fire pool.
The effective volume of the high fire pool and the ground (underground) fire pool shall meet the total fire water consumption for the duration of the fire.
The height difference between the high fire pool and the vacuum tank and the pressure tank should not exceed 200m.
Article 15 The automatic sprinkler system shall meet the following requirements:
1 System design parameters shall be determined according to the current national standard “Code for Design of Automatic Sprinkler System” GB50084;
2 sprinklers should use fast response nozzles, and should not use concealed nozzles;
3 When the exterior wall of the building is made of glass curtain wall, the horizontal distance between the nozzle and the glass curtain wall should not exceed 1m.
Article 16 Automatic fire extinguishing facilities shall be installed in the elevator engine room and cable shaft.
Article 17 The kitchen shall be provided with automatic fire extinguishing devices for the kitchen.
Article 18 The fire water hose crossing hole shall be provided in the front room of the stairwell and the fire elevator front room where the indoor fire hydrant is installed to the lower part of the wall of the walkway. The fire hose crossing hole should be closed when it is closed, and a clear mark should be placed on the side of the front chamber.
Article 19 An independent mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be provided separately for the anti-smoke stairwell and its front room.
The mechanical pressurized air supply system of the refuge floor shall be set independently, and the outdoor air inlet of the mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be installed in at least two directions.
Article 20 In a place where a natural smoke exhausting facility is installed, the effective opening area of the natural exhaust vent should not be less than 5% of the floor area of the site.
For the refuge area with natural ventilation and smoke prevention of the outer window, the outer window shall be installed in at least two orientations, and the total effective opening area shall not be less than 5% of the floor area of the refuge area and 25% of the outer wall area of the refuge area. .
Article 21 The vertical direction of the mechanical smoke exhaust system shall be designed according to the refuge layer. Mechanical smoke exhaust systems arranged in a horizontal direction shall be set independently for each fire compartment. Mechanical exhaust systems should not be used with ventilation air conditioning systems.
The annular evacuation walkway around the core tube shall be provided with an independent smoke prevention zone; the smoke exhaust fire damper that can be automatically closed at 280 °C shall be provided at the part of the exhaust pipe that crosses the annular evacuation aisle to separate the wall.
Article 22: Smoke-proof or smoke-exhausting pipes horizontally crossing fire-proof zones or refuge areas, pressurized air supply pipes or exhaust pipes not installed in pipe wells, and pressurized air supply arranged in the same pipe wells For pipes or air ducts, the fire resistance limit shall not be less than 1.50h.
Smoke exhaust pipes are strictly prohibited from crossing or being installed in the evacuation stairwell and its front room, the fire elevator front room or the combined front room.
Article 23 The automatic fire alarm system shall comply with the following provisions:
1 system fire linkage control bus should adopt a ring structure;
2 should be connected to the city fire remote monitoring system;
3 The fire detector set in the hotel room shall have an audible alarm function;
4 The top of the elevator shaft and the cable well shall be provided with a smoke detector;
5 Fire emergency radio speakers shall be installed in rooms and public buildings where people are often staying and the building area is greater than 100m2;
6 Evacuation stairwells shall be provided with 1 fire-fighting telephone extension on each floor, and a fire emergency radio speaker shall be provided for each 2nd floor;
7 The refuge layer (between), the car in the auxiliary evacuation elevator and the front room of the parking floor shall be equipped with a video monitoring system. The video monitoring signal shall be connected to the fire control room. The power supply circuit of the video monitoring system shall meet the requirements of fire power supply;
8 fire control room should be set on the first floor of the building.
Article 24 Fire-fighting electricity shall be supplied according to the load that is particularly important in the primary load. The emergency power supply shall adopt a diesel generator set. The fire-fighting power supply circuit of the diesel generator set shall be connected to the dedicated bus section by a dedicated line, and the continuous power supply time shall not be less than 3.0h.
Article 25 Fire-fighting power supply and distribution lines shall meet the following requirements:
1 The power supply and cable cables of fire elevators and auxiliary evacuation elevators shall adopt fire-resistant wire and cable with a burning performance of Class A and a fire resistance time of not less than 3.0h. Other fire-fighting power supply and distribution wires and cables shall adopt a burning performance not lower than B1, and the fire-resisting time shall not be Fire resistant wire and cable less than 3.0h. The classification of the burning performance of wire and cable shall comply with the current national standard "Classification of Combustion Performance of Cables and Cables" GB31247;
2 Fire-fighting electricity should adopt dual-route power supply mode, and its power supply and distribution trunks should be set in different shafts;
3 The fire-fighting electricity of the refuge floor shall be powered by a dedicated circuit, and the distribution mains shall not be shared with non-refuge floors (districts).
Article 26 The burning performance of non-fire-fighting wire and cable shall not be lower than Class B1. An electrical fire monitoring system shall be provided for non-firefighting electrical loads.
Article 27: Emergency lighting and light evacuation indication signs for fire pump house, fire control room, fire elevator and its front room, auxiliary evacuation elevator and its front room, evacuation stairwell and its front room and refuge floor (between), A separate power supply and distribution loop should be used.
The minimum level of illumination on the ground of evacuation lighting shall not be less than 5.0lx for evacuation walkways; for personnel-intensive places, refuge floors (intersects), stairwells, front rooms or combined front rooms, evacuation walkways shall not be less than 10.0lx.
Evacuation indicators with interchangeable directions should not be used in buildings.
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